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049

Case 049Deal executionCore

Build a coverage plan for a private equity sponsor: which of its holdings are likely exits in the next 18 months, what fee pool that implies, and where the buy-side opportunities are.

LazardNew York · 2025

1The situation

Rudrav Capital Partners raised an Rs 8,000 crore fund in 2020 and has Rs 2,500 crore still undrawn. It holds eight companies, bought between 2020 and 2024, each with its EBITDA at entry and today and the multiple its sector trades at. Its typical hold is five years. You are a first-year associate in sponsors coverage, and your MD wants a plan for the account.

2Your task

Which holdings are likely exits in the next 18 months, what sell-side fee pool does that imply at 1% of enterprise value, and where should the bank pitch buy-side and financing work?

Quick check

Rudrav's fund was raised in 2020 and has Rs 2,500 crore undrawn. What does that tell you about buy-side work?

Worked solution

Try it on paper, then open one step at a time.

30-second answerThe answer to give first

Three holdings are likely exits within 18 months: Sarvodh Pipes and Nilambar Diagnostics at six years and Keshvi Dairy at five, with EBITDA up 70%, 25% and 88% since entry, Rs 3,610 crore of enterprise value and a sell-side fee pool of about Rs 36 crore at 1%. Orvan Packaging is past the clock with no growth to sell and needs a refinancing or a recap, not a sale. The Rs 2,500 crore of dry powder points to add-on acquisitions for Tanvik, Lumvira and Brishtan, and the exits themselves need the bank's financing desk for the buyers.

Step 1Why does sponsor coverage start from the fund's clock?

A landlord with a five-year lease knows roughly when the flat comes back; a tenant in year six is already looking. A private equity fund has a life, typically ten years with about five to invest, and a sponsor sells a company when the hold has run its course and the value plan has been delivered, so the entry year and the EBITDA growth since entry tell you which companies come to market and when. Rudrav's 2020 fund is in its seventh year: its investment period is ending, its investors are waiting for distributions, and it will want realised returns to show before it raises the next fund. That is why the coverage plan is a calendar before it is a pitch book.

HoldingEntryYears heldEBITDA entry to nowGrowthEV now at sector multipleRead
Sarvodh Pipes20206100 to 170+70%1,360 at 8xlikely exit
Nilambar Diagnostics2020660 to 75+25%900 at 12xlikely exit
Keshvi Dairy2021580 to 150+88%1,350 at 9xlikely exit
Orvan Packaging20215120 to 130+8%910 at 7xstuck: refinance or recap
Tanvik Auto Components2022490 to 140+56%1,120 at 8xexit in 18 to 30 months
Lumvira Pharma2023370 to 95+36%1,045 at 11xadd-ons, buy-side
Pradhi Schools2024250 to 58+16%580 at 10xadd-ons, buy-side
Brishtan Solar20242110 to 125+14%1,125 at 9xadd-ons, buy-side
Likely exits3,610fee pool about 36 at 1%
Rs crore. Sarvodh, Nilambar and Keshvi are at or past the five-year hold with EBITDA growth to sell, Rs 3,610 crore of enterprise value and about Rs 36 crore of sell-side fees; Orvan is past the clock with EBITDA up only 8%.
Step 2Which companies are likely exits, and which only look like it?

Sort by hold length first, then ask whether there is a story to sell. Sarvodh Pipes (six years, EBITDA 100 to 170) and Keshvi Dairy (five years, 80 to 150) are the clean exits: the plan is delivered, the fund wants the cash, and a buyer can see the growth. Nilambar Diagnostics at six years with only 25% growth is an exit for a different reason: the fund cannot hold it much longer, so it will sell to a strategic buyer who values the network rather than the growth. Orvan Packaging is the trap: five years held, EBITDA up 8%, bought at 7x. Rudrav will not want to crystallise a flat return, so the realistic mandates there are a refinancing to extend the hold or a continuation vehicle, not a sale. Tanvik at four years and 56% growth is the next wave, 18 to 30 months out; the three younger holdings are buyers, not sellers.

Rudrav's eight holdings against the five-year clock, with EBITDA growth since entryHolding (entry year)years held01234567typical five-year holdSarvodh Pipes (2020)6 yrsEBITDA +70%, EV 1,360Nilambar Diagnostics (2020)6 yrsEBITDA +25%, EV 900Keshvi Dairy (2021)5 yrsEBITDA +88%, EV 1,350Orvan Packaging (2021)5 yrsEBITDA +8%, EV 910Tanvik Auto Components (2022)4 yrsEBITDA +56%, EV 1,120Lumvira Pharma (2023)3 yrsEBITDA +36%, EV 1,045Pradhi Schools (2024)2 yrsEBITDA +16%, EV 580Brishtan Solar (2024)2 yrsEBITDA +14%, EV 1,125Lime: likely exits, EV Rs 3,610 crore, fee pool about Rs 36 crore at 1%.Red: past the clock with no growth to sell.
Of Rudrav's eight holdings, Sarvodh, Nilambar and Keshvi are at or past the five-year line with EBITDA growth to sell and are likely exits worth Rs 3,610 crore, Orvan is past the line with EBITDA up only 8%, and the four younger holdings are platforms for add-ons.
Step 3What is the fee pool, and where is the buy-side and financing work?

Size the money before you pitch. At 1% of enterprise value the three likely exits imply about Rs 36 crore of sell-side fees, split across whichever banks win them, and the bank that is already advising Rudrav on one usually has the inside track on the next. The 1% is a working assumption for mid-sized deals; actual fees scale down with size and up with complexity, so state it as a framework. The buy-side work follows the dry powder: Rs 2,500 crore undrawn from a fund at the end of its investment period must be deployed, and the fastest route is add-on acquisitionsSmaller companies bought by a portfolio company the sponsor already owns, to grow it before exit; they are funded from undrawn fund capital and debt raised by the platform. for Tanvik, Lumvira and Brishtan, each of which has three or more years left to integrate them. The financing work is twofold: staple financing for the buyers of Sarvodh and Keshvi, and a refinancing or dividend recapitalisation for Orvan to give Rudrav time.

Close with the sequence a first-year associate can actually run. First, confirm the fund's investment period end date and any extension from Rudrav's own disclosures. Second, prepare a one-page sale readiness note for Sarvodh and Keshvi now, because sponsors pick advisers six months before launch. Third, bring Tanvik two add-on targets within the quarter, because that is a conversation Rudrav will take from any bank. The limit: the five-year hold is an average, not a rule; a sponsor with a strong fund and patient investors will hold a compounding asset like Keshvi longer, and a weak market can push every exit out a year.

Where candidates lose it

The common loss is reading the portfolio by size rather than by clock. The biggest holding is not the next sale; the oldest holding with its plan delivered is, and a six-year-old asset with weak growth is still a sale because the fund has no choice.

The second is pitching only sell-side. A fund with Rs 2,500 crore undrawn and a closing investment period is a buyer under pressure, and the add-on and financing work is where a bank earns its place before the exits arrive.

What the interviewer asks next

  • How would the plan change if Rudrav were raising its next fund this year?
  • Why might Rudrav prefer a continuation vehicle for Orvan to a sale at 7x?
  • What would you need to know about Nilambar's buyer universe before promising a 12x multiple?
  • How does the sponsor's own carried interest hurdle change which exits it prioritises?

Asked at Lazard, Financial Sponsors, New York, 2025 (Wall Street Oasis): how you would think about a business plan for covering a sponsor

← Case 048A property company offers to swap notes due in a year for fewer, longer, second lien notes, conditional on 90% taking it. Value the offer to a holder who exchanges and to one who holds out, and explain the holdout problem.Case 050 →A fastener maker's top customer is 45% of revenue on a contract ending in 18 months. Value the business in each scenario and probability-weighted, and say what the seller should do before launching a sale.

Company names and figures are illustrative.

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